Basic Svelte
Introduction
Bindings
Advanced Svelte
Advanced reactivity
Motion
Advanced bindings
Advanced transitions
Context API
Special elements
<script module>
Next steps
Basic SvelteKit
Introduction
Routing
Loading data
Headers and cookies
Shared modules
API routes
$app/state
Errors and redirects
Advanced SvelteKit
Page options
Link options
Advanced routing
Advanced loading
Environment variables
Conclusion
Just as you can bind to DOM elements, you can bind to component instances themselves with bind:this.
This is useful in the rare cases that you need to interact with a component programmatically (rather than by providing it with updated props). Revisiting our canvas app from a few exercises ago, it would be nice to add a button to clear the screen.
First, let’s export a function from Canvas.svelte:
Canvas
let canvas = $state();
let context = $state();
let coords = $state();
export function clear() {
context.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
}Then, create a reference to the component instance:
App
let selected = $state(colors[0]);
let size = $state(10);
let showMenu = $state(true);
let canvas;App
<Canvas bind:this={canvas} color={selected} size={size} />Finally, add a button that calls the clear function:
App
<div class="controls">
<button class="show-menu" onclick={() => showMenu = !showMenu}>
{showMenu ? 'close' : 'menu'}
</button>
<button onclick={() => canvas.clear()}>
clear
</button>
</div>previous next
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<script>
import Canvas from './Canvas.svelte';
import { trapFocus } from './actions.svelte.js';const colors = ['red', 'orange', 'yellow', 'green', 'blue', 'indigo', 'violet', 'white', 'black'];
let selected = $state(colors[0]);
let size = $state(10);
let showMenu = $state(true);
</script>
<div class="container">
<Canvas color={selected} size={size} /> {#if showMenu}<div
role="presentation"
class="modal-background"
onclick={(event) => { if (event.target === event.currentTarget) {showMenu = false;
}
}}
onkeydown={(e) => { if (e.key === 'Escape') {showMenu = false;
}
}}
>
<div class="menu" use:trapFocus>
<div class="colors">
{#each colors as color}<button
class="color"
aria-label={color} aria-current={selected === color} style="--color: {color}" onclick={() => {selected = color;
}}
></button>
{/each}</div>
<label>
small
<input type="range" bind:value={size} min="1" max="50" />large
</label>
</div>
</div>
{/if}<div class="controls">
<button class="show-menu" onclick={() => showMenu = !showMenu}> {showMenu ? 'close' : 'menu'}</button>
</div>
</div>
<style>
.container {position: fixed;
left: 0;
top: 0;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
}
.controls {position: absolute;
left: 0;
top: 0;
padding: 1em;
}
.show-menu {width: 5em;
}
.modal-background {position: fixed;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
left: 0;
top: 0;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
backdrop-filter: blur(20px);
}
.menu {position: relative;
background: var(--bg-2);
width: calc(100% - 2em);
max-width: 28em;
padding: 1em 1em 0.5em 1em;
border-radius: 1em;
box-sizing: border-box;
user-select: none;
}
.colors {display: grid;
align-items: center;
grid-template-columns: repeat(9, 1fr);
grid-gap: 0.5em;
}
.color {aspect-ratio: 1;
border-radius: 50%;
background: var(--color, #fff);
transform: none;
filter: drop-shadow(2px 2px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.2));
transition: all 0.1s;
}
.color[aria-current="true"] {transform: translate(1px, 1px);
filter: none;
box-shadow: inset 3px 3px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
}
.menu label {display: flex;
width: 100%;
margin: 1em 0 0 0;
}
.menu input {flex: 1;
}
</style>