transition:
A transition is triggered by an element entering or leaving the DOM as a result of a state change.
When a block (such as an {#if ...} block) is transitioning out, all elements inside it, including those that do not have their own transitions, are kept in the DOM until every transition in the block has been completed.
The transition: directive indicates a bidirectional transition, which means it can be smoothly reversed while the transition is in progress.
<script>
import { fade } from 'svelte/transition';
let visible = $state(false);
</script>
<button onclick={() => visible = !visible}>toggle</button>
{#if visible}
<div transition:fade>fades in and out</div>
{/if}Built-in transitions
A selection of built-in transitions can be imported from the svelte/transition module.
Local vs global
Transitions are local by default. Local transitions only play when the block they belong to is created or destroyed, not when parent blocks are created or destroyed.
{#if x}
{#if y}
<p transition:fade>fades in and out only when y changes</p>
<p transition:fade|global>fades in and out when x or y change</p>
{/if}
{/if}Transition parameters
Transitions can have parameters.
(The double {{curlies}} aren’t a special syntax; this is an object literal inside an expression tag.)
{#if visible}
<div transition:fade={{ duration: 2000 }}>fades in and out over two seconds</div>
{/if}Custom transition functions
transition = (node: HTMLElementnode: HTMLElement, params: anyparams: any, options: {
direction: "in" | "out" | "both";
}
direction: "in" | "out" | "both"direction: 'in' | 'out' | 'both' }) => {
delay?: number,
duration?: number,
easing?: (t: numbert: number) => number,
css?: (t: numbert: number, u: numberu: number) => string,
tick?: (t: numbert: number, u: numberu: number) => void
}Transitions can use custom functions. If the returned object has a css function, Svelte will generate keyframes for a web animation.
The t argument passed to css is a value between 0 and 1 after the easing function has been applied. In transitions run from 0 to 1, out transitions run from 1 to 0 — in other words, 1 is the element’s natural state, as though no transition had been applied. The u argument is equal to 1 - t.
The function is called repeatedly before the transition begins, with different t and u arguments.
<script>
import { elasticOut } from 'svelte/easing';
/** @type {boolean} */
export let visible;
/**
* @param {HTMLElement} node
* @param {{ delay?: number, duration?: number, easing?: (t: number) => number }} params
*/
function whoosh(node, params) {
const existingTransform = getComputedStyle(node).transform.replace('none', '');
return {
delay: params.delay || 0,
duration: params.duration || 400,
easing: params.easing || elasticOut,
css: (t, u) => `transform: ${existingTransform} scale(${t})`
};
}
</script>
{#if visible}
<div in:whoosh>whooshes in</div>
{/if}<script lang="ts">
import { elasticOut } from 'svelte/easing';
export let visible: boolean;
function whoosh(node: HTMLElement, params: { delay?: number, duration?: number, easing?: (t: number) => number }) {
const existingTransform = getComputedStyle(node).transform.replace('none', '');
return {
delay: params.delay || 0,
duration: params.duration || 400,
easing: params.easing || elasticOut,
css: (t, u) => `transform: ${existingTransform} scale(${t})`
};
}
</script>
{#if visible}
<div in:whoosh>whooshes in</div>
{/if}A custom transition function can also return a tick function, which is called during the transition with the same t and u arguments.
If it’s possible to use
cssinstead oftick, do so — web animations can run off the main thread, preventing jank on slower devices.
<script>
export let visible = false;
/**
* @param {HTMLElement} node
* @param {{ speed?: number }} params
*/
function typewriter(node, { speed = 1 }) {
const valid = node.childNodes.length === 1 && node.childNodes[0].nodeType === Node.TEXT_NODE;
if (!valid) {
throw new Error(`This transition only works on elements with a single text node child`);
}
const text = node.textContent;
const duration = text.length / (speed * 0.01);
return {
duration,
tick: (t) => {
const i = ~~(text.length * t);
node.textContent = text.slice(0, i);
}
};
}
</script>
{#if visible}
<p in:typewriter={{ speed: 1 }}>The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog</p>
{/if}<script lang="ts">
export let visible = false;
function typewriter(node: HTMLElement, { speed = 1 }: { speed?: number }) {
const valid = node.childNodes.length === 1 && node.childNodes[0].nodeType === Node.TEXT_NODE;
if (!valid) {
throw new Error(`This transition only works on elements with a single text node child`);
}
const text = node.textContent;
const duration = text.length / (speed * 0.01);
return {
duration,
tick: (t) => {
const i = ~~(text.length * t);
node.textContent = text.slice(0, i);
}
};
}
</script>
{#if visible}
<p in:typewriter={{ speed: 1 }}>The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog</p>
{/if}If a transition returns a function instead of a transition object, the function will be called in the next microtask. This allows multiple transitions to coordinate, making crossfade effects possible.
Transition functions also receive a third argument, options, which contains information about the transition.
Available values in the options object are:
direction- one ofin,out, orbothdepending on the type of transition
Transition events
An element with transitions will dispatch the following events in addition to any standard DOM events:
introstartintroendoutrostartoutroend
{#if visible}
<p
transition:fly={{ y: 200, duration: 2000 }}
onintrostart={() => (status = 'intro started')}
onoutrostart={() => (status = 'outro started')}
onintroend={() => (status = 'intro ended')}
onoutroend={() => (status = 'outro ended')}
>
Flies in and out
</p>
{/if}